Jaké množství energie je potřeba k ohřátí 150 l vody ze 40 °C na 60 °C? Pro ohřátí 1 kg vody o 1 °C je potřeba přibližně 1 kcal = 4 185 J.
Správná odpověď je: A, B, C
Množství energie, které je třeba ve formě tepla dodat látce k jejímu zahřátí o 1 °C, vyjadřuje fyzikální veličina měrná tepelná kapacita c, která je pro kapalnou vodu přibližně c = 4 185 J · kg−1 · K−1. Protože hustota vody je přibližně 1 000 kg · m−3, hmotnost 150 l vody je tak zhruba 150 kg. Celkové množství tepla potřebné pro ohřev vody v této úloze lze spočítat jako:
Q = m · c · Δt = m · c · (t2 – t1) = 4 185 J · kg−1 · K−1 · 150 kg · 20 K = 12 555 000 J = 12,555 MJ.
Protože 4 185 J = 1 kcal (kilokalorie), platí 12,555 MJ = 3 000 kcal.
Stejně tak platí převod
1 kWh = 3,6 MJ, tedy 12,555 MJ = 3,49 kWh.
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